Factories can reduce energy consumption through measures such as upgrading equipment, optimizing processes, implementing energy-efficient technologies, and using renewable energy sources.

Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach aimed at minimizing waste while maximizing productivity and efficiency.

Key components include sourcing, production, inventory management, distribution, and customer service.

IoT connects devices and equipment in factories to collect and exchange data, enabling real-time monitoring, remote control, and predictive maintenance.

Predictive maintenance uses data analysis and machine learning to predict when equipment failure is likely to occur, allowing for maintenance to be performed before issues arise.