TQM is a management approach focused on continuous improvement, customer satisfaction, and employee involvement in quality control processes.

Benefits include reduced costs, improved quality, shorter lead times, increased flexibility, and better customer satisfaction.

Industry 4.0 can improve operations by enabling real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, process optimization, and enhanced decision-making.

Factories can reduce energy consumption through measures such as upgrading equipment, optimizing processes, implementing energy-efficient technologies, and using renewable energy sources.

Robotics improves manufacturing by increasing efficiency, precision, and safety, while also reducing labor costs and repetitive tasks.