Industry 4.0 refers to the integration of digital technologies such as IoT, AI, and data analytics into manufacturing processes to create smart factories.

Predictive maintenance uses data analysis and machine learning to predict when equipment failure is likely to occur, allowing for maintenance to be performed before issues arise.

IoT connects devices and equipment in factories to collect and exchange data, enabling real-time monitoring, remote control, and predictive maintenance.

Robotics improves manufacturing by increasing efficiency, precision, and safety, while also reducing labor costs and repetitive tasks.

Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach aimed at minimizing waste while maximizing productivity and efficiency.